Palæos:		Echinodermata
INVERTEBRATES		Echinoidea Cladogram

Page Back

Unit Home

Page Next

Page Down

Echinoderms

Cladogram

Mikko's Phylogeny Home

<==o ECHINOIDEA (merisiilit)
   |--o PERISCHOECHINOIDEA
   |  `--o CIDAROIDA
   |     |-- Cidaridae*
   |     `-- Psychocidaridae*
   `--+--o EUECHINOIDEA ()? [paraphyletic?]
      |  |--o DIADEMATACEA
      |  |  |--o ECHINOTHURIOIDA
      |  |  |  `-- Echinothuridae*
      |  |  |--o DIADEMATOIDA
      |  |  |  |-- Diadematidae
      |  |  |  |-- Lissodiadematidae
      |  |  |  |-- Micropygidae
      |  |  |  `-- Aspidodiadematidae
      |  |  `--o PEDINOIDA
      |  |     `-- Pedinidae*
      |  `--o ECHINACEA
      |     |--o SALENIOIDA
      |     |  `-- Saleniidae*
      |     |--o PHYMOSOMATOIDA
      |     |  |-- Stomechinidae*
      |     |  `-- Phymosomatidae*
      |     |--o ARBACIOIDA
      |     |  `-- Arbaciidae*
      |     |--o TEMNOPLEUROIDA
      |     |  |-- Temnopleuridae
      |     |  `-- Toxopneustidae
      |     `--o ECHINOIDA
      |	       |-- Echinidae
      |        |-- Echinometridae
      |	       |-- Strongylocentrotidae
      |	       `-- Parasaleniidae
      |--o "GNATHOSTOMATA" [ICZN rules; article 1b4]
      |  |--o HOLECTYPOIDA
      |  |  `-- Echinoneidae*
      |  `--o CLYPEASTEROIDA
      |     |--o CLYPEASTERINA
      |     |  |-- Clypeasteridae
      |     |  `-- Arachnoididae
      |     |--o LAGANINA
      |     |  |-- Fibulariidae
      |     |  `-- Laganidae
      |     |--o SCUTELLINA
      |     |  |-- Dendrasteridae
      |     |  |-- Echinarachniidae
      |     |  |-- Mellitidae
      |     |  `-- Astriclypeidae
      |     `--o ROTULINA
      |        `-- Rotulidae*
      `--o ATELOSTOMATA
         |--o CASSIDULOIDA
         |  |-- Echinolampadidae
         |  |-- Cassidulidae
         |  |-- Pliolampadidae
         |  |-- Apatopygidae
         |  `-- Neolampidae
         `--o SPATANGOIDA
            |--o HOLASTERINA
            |  |-- Holasteridae
            |  |-- Urechinidae
            |  |-- Calymnidae
            |  `-- Pourtalesiidae
            `--o APHISTERNATA
               |-- Toxasteridae
               |-- Hemiasteridae
               |-- Palaeostomatidae
               |-- Pericosmidae
               |-- Schizasteridae
               |-- Aeropsidae
               |-- Brissidae
               |-- Spatangidae
               |-- Loveniidae
               `-- Asterostomatidae

Reference(s):

Conway Morris, S., 1993: The fossil record and early evolution of the Metazoa. --Nature, vol. 361, 21 January, pp. 219-225

iNet: Tree of Life --http://tolweb.org/tree/

Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2 --McGrew-Hill Book Company