Palæos:

  

Unit 530: Altungulata

The Vertebrates

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Bones

Time

Altungulate References

Cladogram

UNGULATOMORPHA 
|--CETARTIODACTYLA
`--Altungulata
   |--Hilalia  
   `--+--+--Perissodactyla 
      |  `--Tubulidentata 
      `--Paenungulata 
         |--Hyracoidea 
         `--+--Sirenia 
            `--Proboscidea

Contents

530.000 Overview
530.100 Altungulata
Cladogram
References

Arnason, U, A Gulberg & A Janke (1998), Molecular timing of primate divergences as estimated by two nonprimate calibration points.  J. Mol. Evol. 47:718–727  Hippomorpha.

Maas, MC, JGM Thewissen, S Sen, N Kazanci & J Kappelman (2001), Enigmatic new ungulates from the Early Middle Eocene central Anatolia, Turkey. J. Vert. Paleontol. 21: 578-590. Hilalia.  

Norman, JE & MV Ashley (2000), Phylogenetics of Perissodactyla and tests of the molecular clock.  J. Mol. Evol. 50: 11-21   Hippomorpha.    

Shoshani, J & MC McKenna (1998), Higher taxonomic relationships among extant mammals based on morphology, with selected comparisons of results from molecular data. Mol. Phylog. & Evol. 9: 572-584. Altungulata

Thewissen, JGM, EM Williams, LJ Roe & ST Hussain (2001), Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls. Nature 413: 277-281. Sirenia.

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